- Planck Time
- Proton (a non-fundamental particle, contains u-u-d quarks, has +1 charge)
- Electron (a fundamental particle of nature, has -1 charge)
- Neutron (a non-fundamental particle, contains d-d-u quarks)
- Up Quark (a fundamental particle of nature, has + 2/3 charge)
- Down Quark ((a fundamental particle of nature, has -1/3 charge)
- Strong Force (between quarks)
- Weak Force (not exactly a force)
- Electromagnetic force (between protons & neutrons)
- Gravity (between objects with mass)
- Nucleosynthesis (creating new atoms)
- Fusion (atoms smashing together - a more general term for nucleosynthesis)
- isotope (an atom with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons)
- Gluons ('moderate' the strong force)
- Weak Force Stuff (Z0, W+, W-, neutrinos, positrons, gamma rays,
WORK O' THE DAY:
APOD
Let's work to get a class consensus-- up to the whiteboard please (and bring your slips)
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Let's review isotopes:
Compare this: 4He with this: 2H in terms of the type and number of each type of particles that make up the nucleus of those atoms.
GO!
REVIEW:
| atom |
atomic symbol |
0 neutrons |
1 neutron |
2 neutrons |
3 neutrons |
hydrogen |
H |
1H or just H |
2H |
3H |
-- |
helium |
He |
2H or He |
3He |
4He |
5He |
Notice that the superscript shows the total number of particles (p+ and n0) in the nucleus
Weak Force - I initially said that we wouldn't get into the weak force since it can be a veritable (great word!) morass (another great word!) of technical terms and conditions.
I'll outline the goings on during weak force interactions and then we can elect and otherwise determine whether we'd like to make that of our coursework (or not!)
Yesterday I had you diagram what you thought might represent the reactants and results of a hydrogen fusion nuclear reaction:
H

Hint: where does the energy come from?
Here's an interesting learning target that I learned from the NGSS standards: The total number of nucleons in a nuclear reaction is conserved.
Huh?
Let's discuss.
I *did* say we weren't going to go into the weak force, but,. well, ya know, I thought I'd have us all take a gander at THIS, and we can decide whether we want to move on or not....